terça-feira, 15 de setembro de 2020

Espionagem Global

"Espionagem Global. Parte essencial do mundo atual, a internet mostra-se também um meio para a vigilância feita pelos governos".

"O poder na rede. A presença hegemônica dos Estados Unidos".

"Globalização. Informação, mercadorias e privacidade na rede".

"Redes sociais. Elas crescem e marcam a sociedade contemporânea".

Cyber Security, Computer Security

Resumo

Internet

"Rede Mundial. No final dos anos 1980, surge a internet com fins comerciais: a rede mundial de computadores envolve hoje 2/3 da humanidade, cerca de 2,4 bilhões de pessoas. Presente no cotidiano das pessoas e na economia, a web está profundamente entranhada na sociedade contemporânea."

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Para saber mais e compreender melhor sobre vigilância e controle, confira:

Michel Foucault e as relações de poder

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"Espionagem On Line. Agências de segurança do governo dos Estados Unidos mantém, desde 2007, um programa de vigilância e espionagem de comunicações, incluindo a internet. O governo dos EUA se ampara numa lei de exceção contra o terrorismo, aprovada em 2003. A revelação da espionagem foi feita por Edward Snowden, ex-técnico da Agência Central de Inteligência dos Estados Unidos (CIA)."

Nota Nossa: Não esqueça de ver um pouco sobre o WikiLeaks!

Camera, Surveillance, Monitoring

"Marco Regulatório. Faltam leis que tratem exclusivamente da internet. No Brasil, o principal projeto nesse sentido é o Marco Civil da Internet, em debate no Congresso Nacional".

Nota nossa: Na realidade, o Marco Civil da Internet já foi aprovado e se encontra em vigor. Com relação à Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD), confira aqui! Além disso, há outras leis, como a Lei Carolina Dieckmann (crimes informáticos).

"Globalização. A internet causou profundas mudanças no mundo dos negócios e do trabalho. Aumentou a quantidade de transações comerciais e permitiu às multinacionais transferirem o processo produtivo para países nos quais o custo de produção é menor".

"Política. Manifestações em países como Irã, Tunísia, Egito, EUA, Espanha e Brasil mostraram o poder da internet na formação de grupos sociais e suas possibilidades para a ação política".

"Redes Sociais. Tornaram-se um fenômeno mundial os portais como Facebook, que permitem ao usuário criar um perfil público e montar uma lista articulada de relacionamentos. Os principais já reúnem mais de 1 bilhão de usuários".

Nota Nossa: Sobre um olhar sociológico acerca das Redes Sociais e Cibercultura, veja: Manuel Castells e Pierre Lévy.

"Desigualdade. A maior parte das populações com pouco acesso à internet se situa na África e na Ásia. Cerca de 88 milhões de brasileiros acessavam a rede em junho de 2012".

Fonte:

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSqKsT_wZ0Fx46tn6Yn5666twE4btEMdEBxYQ&usqp=CAU

Atualizado | Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD)

"A Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais alterou o Marco Civil da Internet e criou a Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados".


A LGPD (veja a Lei) teve sua redação modificada pela Lei Federal n. 13.853/2019. Assim, passou a ter como órgão controlador a Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados (ANPD). Tal órgão foi criado com a meta de fiscalizar todo o tratamento de dados pessoais de nosso País. Esse modelo foi inspirado no Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados da União Européia (GDPR). O GDPR obriga que as autoridades fiscais de dados sejam independentes.
 
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Para saber mais e compreender melhor sobre vigilância e controle, confira:

Michel Foucault e as relações de poder

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Compreende-se banco de dados como o "conjunto estruturado de dados pessoais, estabelecido em um ou em vários locais, em suporte eletrônico ou físico, enquanto o controlador consiste na pessoa natural ou jurídica, de direito público ou privado, a quem competem as decisões referentes ao tratamento de dados pessoais".

Hacker, Hacking, Cyber Security, Hack

Vale dizer que o Facebook ultrapassou 500 milhões de usuários. Por sua vez, o Twitter possui mais de 145 milhões. Tais redes sociais tiveram vários problemas de segurança ligados à privacidade dos dados pessoais de seus usuários.

Finalmente, a LGPD brasileira irá proteger a transferência de dados pessoais nas esferas pública e privada. Para tanto, irá assegurar maior domínio dos usuários sobre seus dados e informações. Isto porque irá requerer "o consentimento explícito para a coleta e uso dos dados e obrigar a oferta de opções para o usuário visualizar, corrigir e excluir dados".

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LGPD começa a valer nesta sexta-feira (18.09.2020)

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

Fonte: Almanaque do Estudante. Atualidades. Enem + Vestibular. 2019 (adaptado).



segunda-feira, 14 de setembro de 2020

A Revolução da Indústria 4.0

"Em meio às inovações tecnológicas que estão mudando as formas de produção e trabalho, Brasil lança agenda para tentar recuperar o atraso do setor industrial".

Resumo

Trabalho

"4a. Revolução Industrial - Nome que se dá às grandes mudanças que o processo produtivo está vivendo baseadas na interação de sistemas tecnológicos que permitem a conexão dos mundos digital e físico com o ser humano. O uso de robôs, máquinas inteligentes e sistemas como Big Data e Internet das Coisas provocam profundas alterações na lógica da produção e impactam o mundo do trabalho".

"Indústria Brasileira - Crises econômicas e decisões governamentais de priorizar outros segmentos da economia, como o agronegócio, fizeram a indústria nacional ficar para trás. O Brasil aparece apenas na 69a. colocação entre as nações tecnológicas. A participação na indústria na economia decai há décadas. No início de 2018, o governo lançou a Agenda Indústria 4.0 para tentar reverter esse quadro".

"Trabalho - As inovações tecnológicas buscam diminuir a participação humana no processo de produção. As estimativas apontam que até 2020 deixarão de existir 7,1 milhões dos atuais empregos do mundo. A falta de qualificação para disputar um número menor de vagas tende a ampliar as desigualdades socioeconômicas, diminuir os salários e levar mais pessoas para a informalidade, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento".

Nota nossa: Na realidade, ainda serão criados novos empregos, que hoje nem temos ideia. Assim, com o tempo, novas profissões surgirão. Saiba mais!

"Desemprego - As taxas de desemprego têm se mantido estáveis nos países ricos e em alta nos demais. A média global é de 5,6% em 2017, e 1,4 bilhão de trabalhadores ocupam empregos vulneráveis. No Brasil, a desocupação voltou a subir no primeiro trimestre de 2018 e atingiu 13,1% de trabalhadores".

"Reforma Trabalhista e Terceirização - Em 2017, foi aprovada a reforma que alterou a legislação trabalhista. Agora, acordos entre empregados e patrões prevalecem sobre a lei; e a jornada intermitente permite que a empresa altere os horários de trabalho segundo seu interesse. Também entrou em vigor a nova lei da terceirização, que possibilita à empresa contratar indiretamente profissionais para funções essenciais de seu negócio, o que era vetado".

Atualidades | Guia do Estudante

Fonte: Guia do Estudante. Atualidades. Vestibular + Enem. 2o. semestre / 2018 (adaptado).

Michel Foucault e as relações de poder

"Obra do filósofo francês
é essencial para entender
os sistemas de controle
e vigilância no mundo
contemporâneo".

Hoje em dia, para abordar temas como o poder e a punição, é preciso tratar do pensamento de Michel Foucault (1926 a 1984). Dentre suas obras, ganha maior destaque Vigiar e Punir. Tal obra de fato impacta os olhares sobre o homem e a humanidade.

Michel Foucault – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
Wikipédia

Foucault tornou-se reconhecido por suas percepções sobre as teorias do poder. Ele examina o exercício efetivo do poder, partindo das relações que cria e põe em marcha. "O poder é visto como tecnologia de controle detalhado do corpo, dos gestos, das atitudes, dos comportamentos e dos hábitos do indivíduos".

Resultado de imagem para vigiar e punir

Em sua célebre obra, Vigiar e Punir (1975), o autor demonstra "que o domínio no qual se exerce o poder não é somente a lei, mas, sobretudo, a norma. Ou seja, no ensino, na saúde, ou no exército, o que se busca é a 'normalização' para poder regular a vida de indivíduos e o resultado de suas ações. Esse controle é exercido a partir de uma pirâmide de olhares que garanta a disciplina, e de um registro contínuo de todas as informações acerca do indivíduo, de seus gestos e de suas atividades."

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

Fonte: Guia do Estudante. Atualidades. Vestibular + Enem. 1o semestre / 2018 (adaptado).